Accounting Policies of Aegis Vopak Terminals Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2026

1 General information

Aegis Vopak Terminal Limited (''the Company'') having its registered office at at 502, Skylon, G.I.D.C., Char Rasta, Vapi - 396 195, Dist. Valsad, Gujarat and corporate office at 1202, 12^th Floor, Tower B, Peninsula Business Park, Ganpatrao Kadam Marg, Lower Parel (West), Mumbai-400 013, was incorporated on 28^th May, 2013 vide certificate of incorporation No. U63030GJ2013PLC075304 issued by the Registrar of Companies, Gujarat.

The Company is in the business of storage and terminalling facility for LPG and chemical products. The company has storage facilities at JNPA, Haldia, Kandla, Pipavav and Mangalore.

2 Statement of compliance

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015.

3 Basis of preparation and presentation

The Financial Statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the revaluation of certain properties and certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2, or 3 based on degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date;

Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and

Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability."

4 Functional and presentation currency

These Standalone Financial Statements are presented in Indian rupees, which is the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest lakh with two decimals, unless otherwise indicated.

5 Statement of material accounting policies

Accounting policy information is material, if when considered together with other information included in entity''s financial statements, it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions that the primary users of special purpose financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements.

Accounting policy information may be material because of the nature of the related transactions, other events, or conditions, even if the amounts are immaterial. However, not all accounting policy information relating to material transactions, other events or conditions is itself material.

I) Foreign currencies

Foreign currency transactions Initial recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Subsequent measurement

At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was measured. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are recorded using the exchange rates at the date of the transaction.

II) Property, plant and equipment

i) Items of property, plant and equipment are initially stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises

a) the purchase price including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.,

b) borrowing cost, and

c) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Income and expenses related to the incidental operations, not necessary to bring the item to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management, are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss"

Buildings and plant & equipment are stated in the balance sheet at their revalued amounts, being the fair value at the date of revaluation, less any accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Revaluations are performed with sufficient regularity such that the carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair values at the reporting date.

Any revaluation increase arising on the revaluation of such buildings and plant & equipment is credited to the properties revaluation reserve, except to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease for the same asset previously recognised as an expense, in which case the increase is credited to profit or loss to the extent of the decrease previously expensed. A decrease in carrying amount arising on the revaluation of such land and buildings is charged as an expense to the extent that it exceeds the balance, if any, held in the properties revaluation reserve relating to a previous revaluation of that asset.

Depreciation on revalued buildings and plant & equipment is recognised in profit or loss. On the subsequent sale or retirement of a revalued property, the attributable revaluation surplus remaining in the properties revaluation reserve, net of deferred tax, is transferred directly to retained earnings.

Capital work-in-progress (CWIP) in respect of assets which are not ready for their intended use are carried at cost, comprising of direct costs, related incidental expenses and attributable interest if any.

ii) Subsequent expenditure:

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

iii) Depreciation / amortization

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets less their residual values over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method. Useful life of the asset is taken, as specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.except in respect of storage tanks, which is based on technical evaluation done by the management.

Depreciation on additions during the year has been provided on pro rata basis from the date of such additions. Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished has been provided on pro rata basis."

III) Intangible assets

Intangible assets are recognized, only if it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the assets can be measured reliably. The intangible assets are recorded at cost and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Computer software is amortized on straight line basis over a period of its estimated useful life, however not exceeding 5 years.

IV) Impairment of tangible and intangible assets other than goodwill

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

Intangible assets with indefinite useful life and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than it''s carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss."

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, such that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

V) Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are recognised at transaction price. Transactions costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial Assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place.

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets"

i) Classification of financial assets Debt instruments at Amortised Cost

A ''debt instrument'' is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows; and

b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at FVOCI

A ''debt instrument'' is measured at the fair value through other comprehensive income(FVOCI) if both the following conditions are met:

a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and

b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

For assets classified as subsequently measured at FVOCI, interest revenue, expected credit losses, and foreign exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other gains and losses on remeasurement to fair value are recognised in OCI. On derecognition, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to Statement of Profit and Loss."

Debt instrument at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to classify a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch''). Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss."

ii) Equity investments

All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company decides to classify the same either as at FVOCI or FVTPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

In accordance with Ind AS 27 the Company has elected the policy to account investments in subsidiaries at cost.

iii) Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain of loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of the transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

iv) Impairment of financial assets

Financial assets of the company comprise of trade receivable and other receivables consisting of loans, deposits, input credit receivables and bank balance. An impairment loss for trade and other receivables is established when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Impairment losses if any, are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss for the year.

v) Financial liabilities and equity instruments

Financial instruments with a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial assets is recognised as financial liability by the Company.

i) Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

ii) Equity Instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Repurchase of the Company''s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company''s own equity instruments.

iii) Financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.

Financial liabilities at FVTPL

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is either contingent consideration recognised by the Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies or is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL.

A financial liability is classified as held for trading if:

? it has been incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing it in the near term; or

? on initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short term profit taking; or

? it is derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument."

A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading or contingent consideration recognised by the Company as an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies, may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if:

? such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise;

? the financial liability forms part of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company''s documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the grouping in provided internally on that basis; or

? it forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and Ind AS 109 permits the entire combined contract to be designated as at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The net gain or loss recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and in included in the '' Finance costs '' line item.

Financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortised cost

Financial liabilities that are not held for trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included in the ''Finance costs'' line item.

The effective interest method is method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

The Company''s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts and financial guarantee contracts.

iv) Derecognition

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company''s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. When the company exchanges with the existing lender one debt instruments into another one with the substantially different terms, such exchange is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the

financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

v) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

VI) Derivative financial instruments

The Company enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate and foreign exchange rate risks, including cross currency interest rate swaps. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value at the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently re-measured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the hedging relationship and the nature of the hedged item.

Hedge accounting

The Company designates derivatives as hedging instruments in respect of foreign currency risk as fair value hedges. At the inception of the hedge relationship, the entity documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along with its risk management objectives and its strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions.

Fair value hedges

Changes in fair value of the designated portion of derivatives that qualify as fair value hedges are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss immediately, together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. The change in the fair value of the designated portion of hedging instrument and the change in the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the line item relating to hedged item. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or when the hedged item no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. The fair value adjustment to the carrying amount of the hedged item arising from the hedged risk is amortised to the Statement of Profit or Loss from that date.

VII) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds and is measured with reference to the Effective Interest Rate (EIR) applicable to the respective borrowing. Borrowing costs include interest costs measured at EIR and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs that are attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of cost of such assets till the time the asset is ready for its intended use. A qualifying assets is the one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. Other borrowing costs are recorded as an expense in the statement of Profit and loss in the year in which they are incurred.

VIII) Leases

Assets taken on lease under which all risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating lease. Rental expenses from operating leases is generally recognised on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Where the rentals are structured solely to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor''s expected inflationary cost increase, such increase are recognised in the year in which such benefit accrue. Contingent rentals arising under operating lease are recognised as an expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

Assets held by the Company under leases that transfer to the Company substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. The leased assets are measured initially at an amount equal to the lower of their fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the assets are accounted for in accordance with the accounting policy applicable to that asset.

Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned between the finance expense and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

The Company evaluates each contract or arrangement, whether it qualifies as lease as defined under Ind AS 116. The Company as a lessee

The Company assesses, whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract involves-

a) the use of an identified asset,

b) the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from use of the identified asset, and

c) the right to direct the use of the identified asset.

The Company at the inception of the lease contract recognizes a Right-of-Use (RoU) asset at cost and a corresponding lease liability, for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with term of less than twelve months (short term) or low-value assets.

Certain lease arrangements includes the options to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities includes these options when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised

The cost of the right-of-use assets comprises the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any lease payments made at or before the inception date of the lease plus any initial direct costs, less any lease incentives received. Subsequently, the right-of-use assets is measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use assets.

Right of use (ROU) assets are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

For lease liabilities at inception, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate is readily determined, if that rate is not readily determined, the lease payments are discounted using the incremental borrowing rate.

The Company recognizes the amount of the re-measurement of lease liability as an adjustment to the right-of-use assets. Where the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets is reduced to zero and there is a further reduction in the measurement of the lease liability, the Company recognizes any remaining amount of the re-measurement in the Statement of profit and loss.

For short-term or low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Lease liability has been presented in financial liabilities and ROU asset has been presented in Note 8A "Property, Plant and Equipment" and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

Lease liability has been presented in financial liabilities and ROU asset has been presented in Note 7A "Property, Plant and Equipment" and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

IX) Inventories

Inventories are carried at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined by using the First in First Out formula. Costs comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and cost incurred in bringing the inventory to their present location and condition other than taxes that are subsequently recoverable by the Company from tax authorities.

X) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less or which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company''s cash management."

XI) Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration (transaction price) which the company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring distinct goods or services to a customer.

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

? the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

? the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

? the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

? it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and

? the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably"

Rendering of services

Service revenue is recognised based on contract terms and on time proportion basis as applicable and excludes Goods and Services Tax.

XII) Other income

Dividend and Interest income

Dividend income is recognised when right to receive payment has been established.

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

XIII) Retirement and other employee benefits

i) Short term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

ii) Post Employment Employee Benefits

Retirement benefits to employees comprise payments to government provident funds, gratuity fund, leave encashment and superannuation fund (for eligible employees).

Defined contribution plans

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund and superannuation fund are a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

The Company''s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and prior periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets.

The calculation of defined benefit obligations is performed annually by a qualified actuary using the projected unit credit method. When the calculation results in a potential asset for the Company, the recognised asset is limited to the present value of economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan.

Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognised immediately in OCI. Net interest expense (income) on the net defined liability (assets) is computed by applying the discount rate, used to measure the net defined liability (asset), to the net defined liability (asset) at the start of the financial year after taking into account any changes as a result of contribution and benefit payments during the year. Net interest expense and other expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company recognises gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

Other long term benefits

Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation. The actuarial valuation is done as per projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains/losses are recognized in the other comprehensive income.

XIV) Taxation

Income tax expenses represent the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ''profit before tax'' as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the standalone financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, except where the Company is able to control the reversal of temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilise the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the assets to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset is realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflect the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

iv) Minimum alternate tax credit

Minimum alternate tax credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.

XV) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. Contingent assets are not recognized in the financial statements

Further, long term provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as finance cost. A provision for onerous contracts is measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is established, the Company recognises any impairment loss on the assets associated with that contract.

XVI) Business combinations

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition date fair values of the assets transferred by the Company, liabilities incurred by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Company in exchange of control of the acquiree. Acquisition related costs are generally recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value, except that deferred tax assets or liabilities related to employee benefits arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with Ind AS 12 Income taxes and Ind AS 19 Employee benefits respectively.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

Business Combinations between entities under common control is accounted for at carrying value.

XVII) Operating cycle

Classification of Assets and Liabilities as Current and Non-Current: All assets and liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, and other criteria set out in Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time lag between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, 12-month period has been considered by the Company as its normal operating cycle.

XVIII) Dividends

Final dividends on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

6 Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty:

A Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires the Company''s Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognised in the financial statements that are not readily apparent from other sources.

The judgements, estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors including estimation of effects of uncertain future events that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates (accounted on a prospective basis) are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods of the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following are the critical judgements and estimations that have been made by the Management in the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements and/or key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.

a) Property, plant and equipment :

Determination of the estimated useful lives of tangible assets and the assessment as to which components of the cost may be capitalized. Useful lives of tangible assets are based on the life prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. In cases, where the useful lives are different from that prescribed in Schedule II, they are based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers'' warranties and maintenance support. Assumptions also need to be made, when the Company assesses, whether an asset may be capitalised and which components of the cost of the asset may be capitalised.

b) Recognition and measurement of defined benefit obligations :

The obligation arising from defined benefit plan is determined on the basis of actuarial assumptions. Key actuarial assumptions include discount rate, trends in salary escalation and vested future benefits and life expectancy. The discount rate is determined by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds. The period to maturity of the underlying bonds corresponds to the probable maturity of the post-employment benefit obligations.